Skip to content

References

  1. Connolly P, Hughes IW, Ryan G. Comparison of ‘Duphalac’ and ‘irritant’ laxatives during and after treatment of chronic constipation: a preliminary study. Curr Med Res Opin. 1975;2(10):620-625.
  2. Schuster-Wolff-Bühring R, Fischerac L, Hinrichsab J. Production and physiological action of the disaccharide lactulose. Int Dairy J. 2010;20(11):731-741.
  3. Schumann C. Medical, nutritional and technological properties of lactulose. An update. Eur J Nutr 2002; 41(1): 17-25.
  4. Company Core Data Sheet. Lactulose. Abbott. January 2023.
  5. IQVIA MIDAS database Q1 2023 Release.
  6. Pranami D, Sharma R, Pathak H. Lactulose: a prebiotic, laxative and detoxifying agent. Drugs Ther Perspect 2017; 33: 228-33.
  7. Company Core Data Sheet. Duphaplus. Abbott. August 2019.
  8. NHS Inform. Constipation. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/constipation/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  9. Werth BL, Williams KA, Fisher MJ et al. Defining constipation to estimate its prevalence in the community: results from a national survey. BMC Gastroenterology. 2019;19(75):1-7.
  10. Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME et al. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2017;14:491-502.
  11. Gallegos-Orozco JF, et al. Chronic constipation in the elderly. Am J Gastroenterol. 2012;107:18–25.
  12. Mugie SM, et al. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: A systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2011 Feb;25(1):3-18.
  13. National Health Service UK. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lactose-intolerance/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  14. National Health Service UK. Lactulose. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/lactulose/how-and-when-to-take-lactulose/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  15. Cullen G, O’Donoghue D. Constipation and pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2007; 21(5): 807-18
  16. Bradley CS, Kennedy CM, Turcea AM et al. Constipation in pregnancy: prevalence, symptoms and risk factors. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 110(6): 1351-7.
  17. Leung AK, Chan P, Cho H. Constipation in Children. Am Fam Physician 1996;54(2): 611-8
  18. Pranami D, Sharma R, Pathak H. Lactulose: a prebiotic, laxative and detoxifying agent. Drugs Ther Perspect 2017; 33: 228-33.
  19. Company Core Data Sheet. Duphaplus. Abbott. August 2019.
  20. Information from your family Doctor. Constipation. Am Fam Physician. 2010;15:82(12):1440-1441.
  21. NHS. Constipation. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/constipation/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  22. Lewis SJ, et al. Stool form scale as a useful guide to intestinal transit time. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1997 Sep;32(9):920-4.
  23. Devanarayana, NM and Rajindrajith S, Association between Constipation and Stressful Life Events in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Children and Adolescents. J Trop Ped. 2010;56(3):144-8.
  24. NHS. How to deal with stress. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/stress/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  25. Healthy bowel guide: Information for patients. Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust. April 2015.
  26. Arnaud MJ. Mild dehydration: a risk factor of constipation? Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57(2):S88-S95.
  27. Hayat U, et al. Chronic constipation: Update on management. Clev Clin J Med. 2017;84(5):397-408
  28. Tabbers MM, DiLorenzo C, Berger MY et al. Evaluation and Treatment of Functional Constipation in Infants and Children: Evidence-Based Recommendations From ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. JPGN. 2014;58: 258-74.
  29. Rajindrajith S, Devanarayana NM, Constipation in Children: Novel Insight Into Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Management. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2011;17(1):35-47.
  30. NHS. Constipation in young children. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/baby/health/constipation-in-children/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  31. Body C, Christie JA. Gastrointestinal Diseases in Pregnancy: Nausea, Vomiting, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Constipation, and Diarrhea. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2016;45(2):267-83
  32. Lindberg G, et al. World Gastroenterology Organisation global guideline: Constipation-a global perspective. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2011;45(6):483-7.
  33. NHS. Laxatives. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laxatives/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  34. Trottier M, Erebara A, Bozzo P. Treating constipation during pregnancy. Canadian Family Physician. 2012; 58(8): 836-8.
  35. Hejl M, Kamper J, Ebbesen F et al. Infantile constipation and Allomin-lactulose. Treatment of constipation in infants fed with breast-milk substitutes. A controlled clinical investigation of 2% and 4% Allomin-lactulose. Ugeskr Laeger 1990; 152: 1819-22.
  36. NHS Live Well. How to get more fibre into your diet. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/how-to-get-more-fibre-into-your-diet/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  37. NHS. Physical activity guidelines for adults aged 19 to 64. Available at: https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/exercise-guidelines/physical-activity-guidelines-for-adults-aged-19-to-64/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  38. Lacy BE, et al. Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016;150:1393–1407.
  39. Constipation, Mayo Clinic, Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/constipation/symptoms-causes/syc-20354253. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  40. Forootan M, Bagheri N, Darvishi M. Chronic constipation – A review of literature. Medicine. 2018; 97:20(e10631).
  41. Padhy SK, Sahoo S, Mahajan S et al. Irritable bowel syndrome: Is it “irritable brain” or “irritable bowel”?. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2015 Oct-Dec; 6(4): 568–577.
  42. Hadhazy A. Think Twice: How the Gut’s “Second Brain” Influences Mood and Well-Being. Scientific American. Available at https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/gut-second-brain/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  43. Mayer EA. Gut feelings: the emerging biology of gut–brain communication. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011; 12(8): 10.1038/nrn3071.
  44. Komaro AL. The gut-brain connection. Available at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/the-gut-brain-connection. Last accessed 1st August 2023.
  45. Woodyard C. Exploring the therapeutic effects of yoga and its ability to increase quality of life. Int J Yoga. 2011; 4(2): 49-54.
  46. Top 7 Yoga Poses for Constipation Relief. The Yoga Institute. Available at: https://theyogainstitute.org/top-7-yoga-poses-for-constipation-relief/. Last accessed 1st August 2023.